In severe cases, cataplexy causes patients to collapse and have wakeful paralysis lasting up to 1 to 2 minutes. ![]() Sleep paralysis occurs when waking from sleep. Cataplexy is triggered by strong and usually positive emotions, such as joking or laughing, and causes temporary weakness or paralysis of muscles in the face, neck, arms, and legs. It is pathognomonic for the disorder if it is present but is not required for the diagnosis of narcolepsy type 2. Narcolepsy is also associated with vivid dreams, hallucinations when falling asleep, disrupted nighttime sleeping, and sleep paralysis, which is a temporary inability to move soon after falling asleep or awakening from sleep.Ĭataplexy, which involves a sudden, brief episode of muscle weakness, is experienced by patients with narcolepsy type 1 but does not occur in narcolepsy type 2. The classic symptoms of narcolepsy, often referred to as the tetrad of narcolepsy are: cataplexy (pathognomonic), sleep paralysis (essential), hypnagogic hallucinations, and excessive daytime sleepiness. While REM sleep normally occurs only in the middle of the night, in narcolepsy, it occurs during the daytime or at sleep onset. Most patients with narcolepsy also have abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the period during which people have dreams. Although patients with narcolepsy typically feel well rested after a brief nap, sleepiness recurs within a few hours. There are two types of narcolepsy, Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and Narcolepsy type 2 (NT2). Narcolepsy causes excessive daytime sleepiness patients fall asleep frequently and involuntarily while sitting still or during other activities. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that is not yet fully explained by science. Shared Decision Making and Communication Type 1 narcolepsy is a disorder of excessive sleepiness due to a deficiency of hypothalamic hypocretin (orexin) signaling.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine The National Organization for Rare Disorders reports that type 1 narcolepsy has been linked to low levels of hypocretin in the brain, and that in some individuals, 80 to 90 of hypocretin. ![]()
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